income_and_consumption.knit

Overview of latest results - July 2025

Overview of latest results: July 2025

Table 1

Overview of latest results – Income and consumption

Median

Mean

Source: CES.

Notes: Weighted estimates. The median is computed on the basis of a symmetric linear interpolation that accounts for rounding of responses. Mean values are winsorised at the 2nd and 98th percentiles of each survey round and country. Numbers on household spending and household net income represent expected and perceived annual percentage changes. In April 2022 the composition of the aggregates changed after the inclusion of five additional countries (IE, GR, AT, PT and FI).

Household net income expectations over the next 12 months

In the qualitative question, respondents are asked: “Over the next 12 months, what do you expect will happen to your household’s total net income (that is after tax and compulsory deductions)?” The possible responses are “Increase a lot”, “Decrease a lot”, “Increase a little”, “Decrease a little” and “Stay exactly the same”.

The open-ended (quantitative) question reads: “By about what percent do you expect the total net income of your household to increase/decrease, during the next 12 months?”

Chart 1

Household net income expectations 12 months ahead – qualitative

Qualitative measure of income expectations (forward-looking) (percentages of respondents)

Source: CES.

Notes: Weighted estimates. Net percentages are obtained by subtracting the percentage of respondents indicating that their income will decrease from the percentage of respondents indicating that their income will increase. In April 2022 the composition of the aggregates changed after the inclusion of five additional countries (IE, GR, AT, PT and FI).

Chart 2

Household net income expectations 12 months ahead – pooled

Quantitative measure of income expectations (forward-looking) (percentage changes)

Source: CES.

Notes: Weighted estimates. The median is computed on the basis of a symmetric linear interpolation that accounts for rounding of responses. Mean values are winsorised at the 2nd and 98th percentiles of each survey round and country. In April 2022 the composition of the aggregates changed after the inclusion of five additional countries (IE, GR, AT, PT and FI).

Chart 3

Mean household net income expectations 12 months ahead – breakdown

Quantitative measure of income expectations (forward-looking) (percentage changes)

by country

by age group

by income quintile

Source: CES.

Notes: Weighted estimates. Mean values are winsorised at the 2nd and 98th percentiles of each survey round and country. In April 2022 the composition of the aggregates changed after the inclusion of five additional countries (IE, GR, AT, PT and FI).

Household spending over the previous 12 months

In the qualitative question, respondents are asked: “Compared with 12 months ago, what do you think has happened to your household spending?” The possible responses are “My household spending increased a lot”, “My household spending decreased a lot”, “My household spending increased a little”, “My household spending decreased a little”, and “My household spending remained exactly the same”.

The open-ended (quantitative) question reads: “How much higher/lower do you think your household spending is now compared with 12 months ago?” If a “Don’t know” answer is selected, respondents can provide answers in bracketed ranges.

Chart 4

Household spending over the previous 12 months – qualitative

Qualitative measure of household spending (backward-looking) (percentages of respondents)

Source: CES.

Notes: Weighted estimates. Net percentages are obtained by subtracting the percentage of respondents indicating that their household spending has decreased from the percentage of respondents indicating that their household spending has increased. In April 2022 the composition of the aggregates changed after the inclusion of five additional countries (IE, GR, AT, PT and FI).

Chart 5

Household spending over the previous 12 months – pooled

Quantitative measure of household spending (backward-looking) (percentage changes)

Source: CES.

Notes: Weighted estimates. The median is computed on the basis of a symmetric linear interpolation that accounts for rounding of responses. Mean values are winsorised at the 2nd and 98th percentiles of each survey round and country. In April 2022 the composition of the aggregates changed after the inclusion of five additional countries (IE, GR, AT, PT and FI).

Chart 6

Mean household spending over the previous 12 months – breakdown

Quantitative measure of household spending (backward-looking) (percentage changes)

by country

by age group

by income quintile

Source: CES.

Household spending over the next 12 months

In the qualitative question, respondents are asked: “During the next 12 months, how do you expect your household spending on all goods and services to compare with your spending in the past 12 months?” The possible responses are “My household spending will increase a lot”, “My household spending will decrease a lot”, “My household spending will increase a little”, “My household spending will decrease a little” and “My household spending will remain exactly the same”.

The open-ended (quantitative) question reads: “By what percent do you expect your household spending on all goods and services to change during the next 12 months compared with your spending in the past 12 months?” If a “Don’t know” answer is selected, respondents can provide answers in bracketed ranges.

Chart 7

Household spending expectations over the next 12 months – qualitative

Qualitative measure of household spending (forward-looking) (percentages of respondents)

Source: CES.

Notes: Weighted estimates. Net percentages are obtained by subtracting the percentage of respondents indicating that that their household spending will decrease from the percentage of respondents indicating that their household spending will increase. In April 2022 the composition of the aggregates changed after the inclusion of five additional countries (IE, GR, AT, PT and FI).

Chart 8

Household spending expectations over the next 12 months – pooled

Quantitative measure of household spending (forward-looking) (percentage changes)

Source: CES.

Notes: Weighted estimates. Mean values are winsorised at the 2nd and 98th percentiles of each survey round and country. The median is computed on the basis of a symmetric linear interpolation that accounts for rounding of responses. In April 2022 the composition of the aggregates changed after the inclusion of five additional countries (IE, GR, AT, PT and FI).

Chart 9

Mean household spending expectations over the next 12 months – breakdown

Quantitative measure of household spending (forward-looking) (percentage changes)

by country

by age group

by income quintile

Source: CES.

Note

For more detailed information on how the aggregate indicators are computed, please refer to the ECB Consumer Expectations Survey Aggregate statistics guide and the methodological information in the “Data and methodological information” section of the CES web page. The data behind the aggregate series included in this report can be found in the same section.